SKU: 22663287598

Hard carbon paper

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Description

Hard carbon paperProduct Name Name: Hard carbon paper Product Overview Hard carbon refers to carbon that is difficult to graphitize, usually obtained by thermal decomposition of cross linked resins with special structures at around 1000 C Common hard carbons include resin carbon, organic polymer pyrolytic carbon, and carbon black. Hard carbon is also a highly regarded negative electrode material in sodium ion batteries. The negative electrode material of sodium ion

Product Name

Name:Hard carbon paper


Product Overview

 

Hard carbon refers to carbon that is difficult to graphitize, usually obtained by thermal decomposition of cross-linked resins with special structures at around 1000 ¡ãC Common hard carbons include resin carbon, organic polymer pyrolytic carbon, and carbon black. Hard carbon is also a highly regarded negative electrode material in sodium ion batteries. The negative electrode material of sodium ion batteries, as the main body of sodium storage in batteries, plays a decisive role in the development of batteries. Compared with other negative electrode materials for sodium ion batteries, hard carbon has the characteristics of disordered internal crystal arrangement and large interlayer spacing, which enables the hard carbon negative electrode to store more charges at the same volume, improving the energy density and endurance of sodium ion batteries. Meanwhile, due to the larger pore structure of hard carbon, it can accommodate more sodium ions, resulting in more uniform expansion and contraction of the electrode during discharge, which increases its cycling stability, charge discharge performance, and prolongs the cycling life of sodium ion batteries. At present, sodium ion batteries have become a hot topic in research and industrialization both domestically and internationally. With the deepening of related research and the development of technology, the market size of hard carbon negative electrode materials is expected to continue to grow. However, there is still no unified understanding of the sodium storage mechanism of hard carbon, and further research is needed to reveal its structure-activity relationship with electrochemical reaction mechanisms, as well as to explore the influence of physical parameters of hard carbon materials on electrochemical performance.


Technical Parameter

 

Appearance:Black fibrous

Length:100-200μm(SEM)

Diameter:5-20μm(SEM)


Product Features

 

Difficult to graphitize: Even at high temperatures above 2500 ¡ãC it is difficult to graphitize.

Short range carbon layer stacking and long-range disordered structure: During the pyrolysis process, the carbon layer tends to grow in a planar direction, but the cross-linking structure in macromolecules hinders its planar growth. Therefore, the carbon layer in hard carbon cannot infinitely extend and grow into a graphite like layered structure, and can only exhibit a carbon layer stacking structure in the short range, while it remains disordered in the long range. Its structure is mainly composed of amorphous parts, with some carbon layers randomly stacked, resulting in defects and pores, while the other part of the carbon layer has a graphite microcrystalline structure, which has no orientation and is cross-linked with each other.

Large interlayer spacing and more micropores: Compared to graphite, hard carbon has a larger interlayer spacing and more micropores, which allows ions to be quickly inserted and removed. Correspondingly, there are more lithium storage active sites for ion insertion and removal, resulting in a larger specific capacity.

Excellent rate performance: Theoretically, hard carbon materials have good rate performance and can achieve high rate charging and discharging.

Long cycle life: The hard carbon structure is stable and has a long charge discharge cycle life.


Application Fields

 

New energy vehicles: Although there is still room for improvement in energy density and cycle life of sodium ion batteries, their performance indicators such as low temperature, safety, and fast charging are good, and they can be used in some new energy vehicles that do not require extreme endurance;

Large scale energy storage: With the rapid expansion of renewable energy generation such as solar and wind power, the demand for energy storage is also increasing. Sodium ion batteries have certain application prospects in the field of energy storage, and hard carbon as its negative electrode material can help improve the performance of energy storage batteries;

Consumer electronic devices, such as smartphones, tablets, laptops, etc., can meet the requirements of these devices for fast battery charging, safety, and other aspects;

Smart grid: In the smart grid, sodium ion batteries can be used in energy storage systems to help balance supply and demand, improve the stability and reliability of the grid;

Low speed transportation vehicles, such as electric bicycles, electric tricycles, etc., have relatively low requirements for battery weight and volume. Sodium ion batteries can be applied due to their cost advantage.


Related Information

Please e-mail for the detailed characterization data.

E-mail:[email protected]

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SKU: 22663287598

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Kelley Mitchell
Louisville, US
★★★★★ 5
Well made
Color: Blue
It’s great, better than I expected. I love I love the color and the fit is perfect. Highly recommend!
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Reviewed in the United States on May 30, 2026
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Carrie A Balashaitis
West Palm Beach, US
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Color: Black
Sturdy and fits perfectly
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Reviewed in the United States on May 6, 2026
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Jackie P
Massapequa, US
★★★★★ 5
Sturdy iPad case
Color: Black
Great case. Sturdy and easy to install. Would purchase from this seller again.
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Reviewed in the United States on May 8, 2026
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HallMonitor
Battle Creek, US
★★★★★ 5
Durable and Rugged
Color: Black
I've had it for a few weeks now. It was a replacement I bought after buying several vinyl type covers. This one is a good gauge of plastic and rubber. The rubber seems pretty strong and it protects the iPad well on the corners and back. The back is mostly covered except for the Apple logo in the center. In addition to protecting the corners and also protects the camera lens as the rubber after insulation is a little bit higher than the lens so when you put this down, it's not going to scratch the lens. It has a pen slot, which I like and plenty of room to grip the device if I'm carrying it from place a place or when I'm using it, I can grip the edge and not touch the screen. One of the things I would've liked included is a screen protector, but nothing covers the screen. I also miss the folio type cover because the screen will gather dust now. But, Apple screens are fairly durable so I'm not too worried about breaking it. It was easy to install. It came in as it came in a couple of pieces that you just pressed together. All the controls are obvious as they are under the rubber, but they look like keys. One more thing I might bring up is the charging port. It's easy to get to even though it's a little deep. On my iPad the touch sensor is on the on off button and it is a little harder to do than if I didn't have any case on it, but that is to be expected. It also has an easel that unfolds from the back if you want to sit it up, but I don't use it for watching anything since I have a real TV set. So far I like it and I'm glad I bought this as I don't think it's going to wear out as quickly from me handling it as the others did. The value was good as long as it lasts.
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Reviewed in the United States on April 28, 2026
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Clint
Los Angeles, US
★★★★★ 5
iPad case is great
Color: Black
Fits great. Like the stand feature on the back
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Reviewed in the United States on May 30, 2026

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