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Description
The Guardians: The League of Nations and the Crisis of EmpireAt the end of the First World War, the Paris Peace Conference saw a battle over the future of empire. The victorious allied powers wanted to annex the Ottoman territories and German colonies they had occupied; Woodrow Wilson and a groundswell of anti imperialist activism stood in their way. France, Belgium, Japan and the British dominions reluctantly agreed to an Anglo American proposal to hold and administer those allied conquests under "mandate"
At the end of the First World War, the Paris Peace Conference saw a battle over the future of empire. The victorious allied powers wanted to annex the Ottoman territories and German colonies they had occupied; Woodrow Wilson and a groundswell of anti-imperialist activism stood in their way. France, Belgium, Japan and the British dominions reluctantly agreed to an Anglo-American proposal to hold and administer those allied conquests under "mandate" from the new League of Nations. In the end, fourteen mandated territories were set up across the Middle East, Africa and the Pacific. Against all odds, these disparate and far-flung territories became the site and the vehicle of global transformation. In this masterful history of the mandates system, Susan Pedersen illuminates the role the League of Nations played in creating the modern world. Tracing the system from its creation in 1920 until its demise in 1939, Pedersen examines its workings from the realm of international diplomacy; the viewpoints of the League's experts and officials; and the arena of local struggles within the territories themselves. Featuring a cast of larger-than-life figures, including Lord Lugard, King Faisal, Chaim Weizmann and Ralph Bunche, the narrative sweeps across the globe-from windswept scrublands along the Orange River to famine-blighted hilltops in Rwanda to Damascus under French bombardment-but always returns to Switzerland and the sometimes vicious battles over ideas of civilization, independence, economic relations, and sovereignty in the Geneva headquarters. As Pedersen shows, although the architects and officials of the mandates system always sought to uphold imperial authority, colonial nationalists, German revisionists, African-American intellectuals and others were able to use the platform Geneva offered to challenge their claims. Amid this cacophony, imperial statesmen began exploring new means - client states, economic concessions - of securing Western hegemony. In the end, the mandate system helped to create the world in which we now live. A riveting work of global history, The Guardians enables us to look back at the League with new eyes, and in doing so, appreciate how complex, multivalent, and consequential this first great experiment in internationalism really was.Binding Type: Paperback
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Published: 12/01/2017
ISBN: 9780190619121
Pages: 592
Weight: 1.50lbs
Size: 8.10h x 5.40w x 1.30d
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4.6 ★★★★★
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Product Reviews
★★★★★ 5
Super Sturdy with hours of fun.
Color: Wild Duck, Hare, Squirrel & Alligator, Size: Small
I got the small ones that you cannot put a water bottle in.
These toys have held up way better than expected. I am dog sitting a very rough with toys dog named Chunk. He tears up ever. Single. Toy my dog (Ted) has.
I bought new ones just for chunk. These appealed to me with the no stuffing, They were cheaper, and have a squeaker. Everything chunk needed. They arrived on time and I thought I wasted my money. They were super soft, like too soft. They felt flimsy and weak. Like 5 minutes with chunk and they be dead. 2 hours with my dog and they would have a rip. So far 2 of them (I set two out) have lasted the whole weekend. The bunny looks very rough and disgusting, but no rips, the squeakers still work, and no random fluff everywhere. I am going to wash the bunny once chunk leaves.
My very careful doggo Ted loves them too. He throws them up in the air and catches them, plays tug of war with them, and no rips. They are super sturdy. He can’t wait until Chunk leaves (chunk is 2 and Ted is 12-13) so he can play with them.
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Reviewed in the United States on April 26, 2026
★★★★★ 5
Loved it
Color: Brown/Wild Duck, Size: Large, Color: Brown/Wild Duck, Size: Large
He loved it so much, he destroyed it so we ordered another.
I didn't realize that you can stick an empty water bottle inside.
Again, the first one didn't last long, but he enjoyed it
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Reviewed in the United States on May 20, 2026
★★★★★ 5
Very fun interactive toy
Color: Brown/Wild Duck, Size: Medium
This toy is very versatile. There's no stuffing yet it's very soft so it can be used as a tug toy. It also makes for a fun fetch toy because it has a cavity to put a water bottle. It gives your dog something that crinkles and can be pierced when bitten and easily replaced with another empty bottle whenever necessary.
That is what really makes this toy the standout of all the ones offered by Best Pet imo. I don't expect this to last forever but once my pup gets bigger we'll probably get the large size for her because there's not too many all in one fetch and tug toys at an affordable price.
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Reviewed in the United States on May 15, 2026
★★★★★ 4
Great Toy, but Big Dogs Destroy the Squeakers Fast
Color: Wild Duck, Hare, Squirrel & Alligator, Size: Large
My big dogs had the squeaker torn out in no time, but my little dog absolutely loves this toy. It’s the perfect size for her, and she carries it everywhere. Durable enough for small pups, just not tough enough for heavy chewers. Still a fun toy overall!
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Reviewed in the United States on February 15, 2026
★★★★★ 5
Fun for dogs
Color: Green/Alligator, Size: Small
Smaller than I expected, but the two little dogs love it!
They love shaking it, making it squeak, tugging it against each other & chasing it when I throw it to fetch. They often sleep laying on it.
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Reviewed in the United States on May 25, 2026